Saturday, January 17, 2015

MICHAEL JACKSON (1958-2009)


Birthdate: August 29, 1958

Birthplace: Gary, Indiana

Died : June 25,2009(aged 50)

Michael Joseph Jackson, aka The King of Pop, is one of the most well-known and talked about  American singer, Songwriter, Record producer, Dancer, and Actor.

MJ in his Teenage


The Prince of Pop


Michael Jackson is the seventh of nine children. Along with four of his brothers, he began his career in the Jackson 5. From very early on, Michael showed huge talent, and he and his brother Jermaine became the main singers for the group. In 1968, when Michael was ten, Motown Records signed the Jackson 5. The group's first four singles--I Want You Back, ABC, The Love You Save, and I'll Be There--all hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100, breaking a record for consecutive singles.

MJ and his brother Jermaine in Jackson 5



The King is Crowned


In the '70s, Michael recorded several solo albums. After meeting super producer Quincy Jones on the set of The Wiz (Michael played the Scarecrow), he and Jones produced Off the Wall in 1979, which won Michael his first awards as a solo artist. Michael's next album, Thriller(1982), was his most successful and remains the best selling album of all time-it has sold approximately 100 million copies worldwide!



In 1984, Michael was filming a Pepsi commercial when his hair caught fire. His injuries required reconstructive surgery. But he wasn't gone long--the next year he and Lionel Ritchie wrote We are the World, a charity song that raised money for aid in the US and Africa. In 1987, he released Bad(1987), which had five number one singles.






HIStory And The FUTURE


Michael Jackson with his children,
Prince Michael II, Prince Michael I and Paris

With fame came more attention and scrutiny. People started calling him "Wacko Jacko," because of his changing appearance and his personal life. He released Dangerous in 1991,His career suffered when he was accused of molestation by a child who'd spent time at his ranch, Neverland. The charges were eventually dropped, and Michael went on to marry Elvis' daughter, Lisa Marie, and to release the album HIStory. Two years later, they divorced and Michael married Deborah Jean Rowe. Together they had two children, Prince and Paris, before divorcing in 1999. He now has another daughter named Blanket (the mother is a secret).


Michael released Invincible in 2001, his first album in six years. In 2003, a second child molestation case was filed. He was acquitted (found innocent in the eyes of the law), and after the trial he moved to Bahrain in the Middle East. In 2008, Sony/BMG released Thriller 25, a special 25th anniversary edition of Thriller that hit number two in the US. On August 29, 2008, Michael Jackson celebrates his 50th birthday, on the same day the compilation album King of Pop drops in stores.

MJ came in Mumbai,India On October 30th,1996.

On June 25, 2009Michael Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication after suffering cardiac arrest at his home on North Carolwood Drive in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles.


Moonwalk

One of his famous dancing move is Moonwalk. It became popular around the world after MJ executed the dance move during a performance of "Billie Jean"  on March 25, 1983.




Did U Know?


1. Motown Records told fans Michael was nine years old when he was actually eleven to make him seem younger and cuter than he really was!

3. Jackson has eight Guinness World Records. One is for Thriller as the best-selling album of all time.

4. Michael's famous companion Bubbles the chimpanzee now lives on an animal ranch in Sylmar, California. His handler says, "He's in his 20s. He's doing fine."

5. Michael suffers from Vitiligo, a skin disorder that causes loss of pigment in the skin.

6. At the 2006 World Music Awards, Michael was presented with the Diamond Award for selling over 100 million albums in his career.

7. Michael has given millions of dollars to charity, including profits from tours and the settlement of the Pepsi lawsuit. He has given to hospitals, orphanages and the United Negro College Fund, among others. He was also one of the first entertainers to call attention to the HIV/AIDS crisis and the need for research and funding to help stop it.

The Michael Jackson Story (1985-2009) [Full 45 Miin BBC Documentary]




Sources





Sunday, January 4, 2015

Aryabhata(476–550 CE)



Born                 :   476 in Kusumapura (now Patna), India
Main Interests  :   Mathematics , Astronomy
Died                 :   550 in India


Early Life

Aryabhata(some time misspelled as ‘Aryabhatta’) was  
one of the first Indian mathematicians and astronomers 
belonging to the classical age. It is mentioned in a few 
places that Aryabhata was the head of the educational 
institute in Kusumapara. The University of Nalanda had  
an observatory in its premises so it is hypothesized that 
Aryabhata was the principal of the university as well. On 
the other hand some other commentaries mention that he 
belonged to Kerala.


Aryabhatiya

Aryabhata wrote Aryabhatiya in Kusumapura at the time when Pataliputra was the capital of the Gupta empire and a major centre of learning.It is written in the Sanskrit language, the language of the Aryans. There are 123 stanzas in the Aryabhatiya. Some of them have a logical flow while some seem to come out of nowhere.The style of the Aryabhatiya is difficult to describe.
Aryabhatiya was particularly popular in South India, where numerous mathematicians over the ensuing millennium wrote commentaries. Written in verse couplets, this work deals with mathematics and astronomy.



Mathematical Work

Aryabhata wrote many mathematical and astronomical treatises. His chief work was the ‘Ayrabhatiya’ which was a compilation of mathematics and astronomy. The name of this treatise was not given to it by Aryabhata but by later commentators. Aryabhata’s system of phonemic number notation, the work is characteristically divided into three sections: Ganita (“Mathematics”), Kaal-kriya (“Time Calculations”), and Gola(“Sphere”).
 A disciple by him called the ‘Bhaskara’ names it ‘Ashmakatanra’ meaning ‘treatise from the Ashmaka’. This treatise is also referred to as ‘Ayra-shatas-ashta’ which translates to ‘Aryabhata’s 108’. This is a very literal name because the treatise did   in fact consist of 108 verses. It covers several branches of mathematics such as algebra, arithmetic, plane and spherical trigonometry. Also included in it are theories on continued fractions, sum of power series, sine tables and quadratic equations.


Aryabhata worked on the place value system using letters to signify numbers and stating qualities. He also came up with an approximation of pi ( ) and area of a triangle. He introduced the concept of sine in his work called ‘Ardha-jya’ which is translated as ‘half-chord’.
Briefly we can understand :
1. Place value system and zero
2. Approximation of π
3. Trigonometry
4. Indeterminate equations
5. Algebra





Astronomical Work
Aryabhata also did a considerable amount of work in astronomy. He knew that the earth is rotating on an axis around the sun and the moon rotated around it. He also discovered the position of nine planets and stated that these also revolved around the sun. He pointed out the eclipses; both lunar and solar. Aryabhata stated the correct number of days in a year that is 365. He was the first person to mention that the earth was not flat but in fact a spherical shape. He also gave the circumference and diameter of the earth and the radius of the orbits of 9 planets.
Mention of rotation of the earth on its axis by Aryabhatt

Honouring Aryabhatta

The Indian ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) named its first satellite after the genius mathematician and astronomer. A research establishment has been set up in Nainital, called the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIOS) to honor his contribution to the field of science. There is also a lunar crater and a species of bacteria discovered by ISRO named after Aryabhatta.